What are some of the biggest unsolved problems in biophysics?
1- Protein folding
2- Understanding intrinsically disordered proteins (IDP) : I want to stress on the fact that IDPs are different from normal proteins, and their very existence has challenged our understanding of protein structure and folding landscape theories. They don't have a structure on their own, the physics behind IDPs is rather different. Also, studying IDPs is more difficult, both experimentally (solubility issues) and computationally (too many conformations to sample).
3- DNA condensation: how an extended DNA coil packs into a nice toroidal structure (polymer collapse). Gene therapy has gained prominence in treating some types of cancers and hereditary diseases. We haven't yet identified a safe and successful delivery vehicle. The use of biocompatible polymers or peptides need a thorough understanding of how the forces between a carrier and DNA can be regulated. With the advent of single molecule techniques, this field has made a lot of progress.
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نویسنده: سجاد جلالی